Improvement in churns



seplullvegAsTlmED churn, Nov 61867 `@geiten gisten `datent @fitta JOSEPH J. EVERSI. 0F CUMBERLAND, MAMTLAND,4 ASSIGNOR To HIMSEL\ AND e. P. GEPHART.

Letters Patent No. 71,472, datztl Novem/ier 26, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN Gly-IURNS.

tlge tlgtmle riferiti tuin tigen letttts nttnt mit mating part nf tige same.

T0 ALLWHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it knownl that I, JOSEPHJ; EVERST, of Cumberland, in the county of Allegheny, and State of Maryland, have invented a new and improved Churn; and I do hereby declare the following tobe a full, clear, and exact description of thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of `this specication, and in which- Figure l is a top view of my invention, showing the radial arms ofthe dasher within the churn in dotted lines.

Figure 2 is a vertical axial'section of my invention. f

Figure 3 is a top view ofthe same, when'the cover is removed; and

Figure 4 is a top view of the cover detached.n Y

This invention consists of a new form of dasher, a new device for operating it, and another operating inl connection with the flasher, for the purpose of thoroughly heat-ing and'aerating the milk, and gathering and removing the butter from the` churn.

Similarlettcrs of reference indicate corresponding parts in the several figures.

In the drawings, A represents the body of the churn, having a funnel, a, for filling, and a spigot, a, for emptying it. The flasher D consists of a central vertical shaft, fl, provided with a series of radial arms, ere e, arranged along the length ofthe shaft, as shown in iig. 2, at acute horizontal angles with each other, as shown in figs. 1 and 3.v The shaft d is stepped in a box, d', at the centre of bottom of the churn, and is rotated by power applied 4to an upright pivoted rocking-handle or lever, H, and communicated thence to the shaft by means of a pitman, l?,r slide B, and heavily-weighted horizontal disk-'or wheel,`E, attached to the upper end of the dasher-shaft. The wheel E is weighted, to make it act as jat-horizontal ily-wheel, when in motion, giving regularity and equability to the motion of the dasher, and rendering the work of churning less fatiguing. Forfthe same purpose of increasing the momentum of the working parts, and thereby the regularity of their action, a heavy weight, W, is attached to the shaft H, andthe slide B and the pitman P, between the lower end of the lever H and wheel E, are also made of some heavy material. A cord, r, extending from the lower end of the lever H, below its pivot 7i, to the side of the churn, arrests the rocking motion ofthe leverHat the proper limit. M With an apparatus thus constructed, the force is applied in the most advantageous manner, in direct lines, by the lever H, and resolved into circular motion by the pitman I and wheel E. The motion of the hand and arm in lworking this device is far less tiresome than the circular motion of the crank hitherto employed in rotating the'dashers of churns. l Y

Just above the floor of the churn rests a removable floor or false bottom, C, provided with several valves, e e', seating downward. The flasher-shaft passes loosely through thecentre of this floor, so as to revolve without friction against it, and is provided with a collar below the floor, which lifts the door out of the -churn with the dasher, when the butter is removed, and a shoulder above the floor, which prevents the latter from rising or Boating in the milk. The upper end of the dasher-shaft bears in a cross-piece, G G', extending diametrically across the churn, as shown in lig. 3; the end G of the cross-picce being separated from the end G at g, land being ush on its upper surface with the upper surface of the cover F, when the latter is in position, while the end G is bencaththe cover. v The cover, therefore, fits over the end G, but only around the end G', beingitself made with adcep, wide slot, s, as show n in iig. 4, which encloses tightly the raised end G ofthe crosspiece, and terminating in th'e central circular openings', which fits closely around the wheel or disk E, the whole upper surface ofthe cover, cross-piece at G', and disk, beingush, as shown in fig. 2. The pitman Pis fastened to the slideB by a. pin, 7), and to the disk by another pin, p, from both of which it can be readily removed when the cover is oli' of the churn, but upon which it is held by the roller Z which passes over it when the cover is in position,

le 7c are eccentric keys, which serve to fasten the cover upon the churn. l

Attached to the inner walls of the churn, in a' vertical position, are several wooden triangular prisms, z'z'z", which pass through corresponding notches in the edge of the false bottom C, and serve the triple purpose of conning the false bottom in position, so as not to be rotated by the motion of the contents of the churn, and also of breaking the globules of butter in the milk, and of arrest-ing the rotating current of milk and turning it downward-around the edge of the false bottom into the chamber below'it,whence it is drawn up again through the valvesc c', onlyr to be forced out and down round the same circuit continually, till the churning is completed. The arrangement of the raclgrl arms a e e, as above described, is designed to facilitate this peculiar motion und circuit of the contents oi' the churn.

To remove the dasher of my churn, it is only necessary to turn the keys lc k, lift-oil' the cover F, throw the handle H forward, as iniig. 2, s o as to withdraw the slide B from the cross-piece G G, und remove the pit-man P from-the pinsp p. The whole internal apparatus of the churn then lifts out together, gathering the butter on the false bottom C, :md removingit all at once. I I

It is fouud inpraotice that this mode of gathering and removing the butter is superior to that of any churn in use. The whole apparatus works with admirable ease, simplicity,and economy of time, churning the butter 'thoroughly in o. few minutes, and gathering it from-the milk.

l Having thus described my invention, what I-claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is,

1. The combination and arrangement of the floor C, provided with valves c c', and fitting loosely in the churn, so as to leave a space around its edge, with the vertical lpieces 1,' e' ond the dashe1l),suhstnntially as qnd for the purpose specified. y

2. The combination ofthe floor @having valves c c', with the dasher D,Iso that the (lusher is free to revolve, but yet is insepzirahly attached to the ioor, substantially as and for the purpose speciiecl.

3. The combination of the lover H, slide B, pitman P, and. wheel E, when used to operate tho usher of a. churn, substantially in the manner and for the purpose specified. i

4f.A The flasher D, having the Vradial lai-ms e e arranged on the shaft d, substantially as and for the pur-y pose shown.

JOSEPH J. EVERST.

Witnesses:

C. W. GEPHART, F. LAXNG. 

